Phytotoxic effects of Acacia saligna dry leachates on germination, seedling growth, photosynthetic performance, and gene expression of economically important crops

PeerJ

article

Haifa Abdulaziz Sakit ALHaithloul¹  Muhammad Ishfaq Khan²  Arafa Musa³  Mohammed M. Ghoneim⁴  Ayshah Aysh ALrashidi⁶  Imtiaz Khan²  Ehab Azab⁷  Adil A. Gobouri⁸  Mahmoud R. Sofy⁹  Mohamed El-Sherbiny^1,10  Mona H. Soliman^1,12 

[1] Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University;Department of Weed Science and Botany, University of Agriculture Peshawar;Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University;Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy ,(Boys), Al-Azhar University;Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Al Maarefa University;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hail;Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University;Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University;Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University;Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University;Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University;Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University;Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University

关键词: Acacia saligna;    Allelopathy;    Gene expression;    Osmolytes;    Secondary metabolism;    Allelopathy/phytotoxicity;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.13623

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

The influence of dry leachates of Acasia saligna was tested on the seedling growth, photosynthesis, biochemical attributes, and gene expression of the economically important crops, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and arugula (Eruca sativa L.). Different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) of stem extract (SE) and leaf extract (LE) of A. saligna were prepared, and seedlings were allowed to grow in Petri plates for 8 days. The results showed that all plant species exhibited reduced germination rate, plant height, and fresh and dry weight due to leachates extracts of A. saligna. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), exhibited differential regulation due to the extract treatment. The SOD was increased with increasing the concentration of extracts, while CAT and APX activities were decreased with increasing the extract concentrations. In addition, leachate extract treatment decrease chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, PSII activity, and water use efficiency, with evident effects at their higher concentrations. Furthermore, the content of proline, sugars, protein, total phenols, and flavonoids were reduced considerably due to leachates extract treatments. Furthermore, seedlings treated with high concentrations of LE increased the expression of genes. The present results lead to the conclusion that A. saligna contains significant allelochemicals that interfere with the growth and development of the tested crop species and reduced the crops biomass and negatively affected other related parameters. However, further studies are suggested to determine the isolation and purification of the active compounds present in A. saligna extracts.

【 授权许可】

CC BY