Green inspired synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Silybum marianum (milk thistle) extract and evaluation of their potential pesticidal and phytopathogens activities

PeerJ

article

Nazish Jahan¹  Kousar Rasheed¹  Khalil-Ur- Rahman²  Abu Hazafa³  Amna Saleem¹  Saud Alamri⁴  Muhammad Omer Iqbal⁵  Atikur Rahman⁶ 

[1] Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad;Department of Biochemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad;Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad;Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University;Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean university of China;Grassland & Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration

关键词: ZnO nanoparticles;    Green synthesis;    Response surface methodology;    Zetasizer;    Silybum marianum;    Nanobiopesticides;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.15743

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

Background The green approaches for the synthesis of nanoparticles are gaining significant importance because of their high productivity, purity, low cost, biocompatibility, and environmental friendliness. Methods The aim of the current study is the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using seed extracts of Silybum marianum, which acts as a reducing and stabilizing agent. central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) optimized synthesis parameters (temperature, pH, reaction time, plant extract, and salt concentration) for controlled size, stability, and maximum yields of ZnO-NPs. Green synthesized ZnO-NPs was characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy and Zetasizer analyses. Results The Zetasizer confirmed that green synthesized ZnO-NPs were 51.80 nm in size and monodispersed in nature. The UV-visible results revealed a large band gap energy in the visible region at 360.5 nm wavelength. The bioactivities of green synthesized ZnO-NPs, including antifungal, antibacterial, and pesticidal, were also evaluated. Data analysis confirmed that these activities were concentration dependent. Bio-synthesized ZnO-NPs showed higher mortality towards Tribolium castaneum of about 78 ± 0.57% after 72 h observation as compared to Sitophilus oryzae, which only displayed 74 ± 0.57% at the same concentration and time intervals. Plant-mediated ZnO-NPs also showed high potential against pathogenic gram-positive bacteria (Clavibacter michiganensis), gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas syringae), and two fungal strains such as Fusarium oxysporum, and Aspergillums niger with inhibition zones of 18 ± 0.4, 25 ± 0.4, 21 ± 0.57, and 19 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. Conclusion The results of this study showed that Silybum marianum-based ZnO-NPs are cost-effective and efficient against crop pests.

【 授权许可】

CC BY