Creating ecologically sound buildings by integrating ecology, architecture and computational design

People and Nature

article

Wolfgang W. Weisser¹  Michael Hensel²  Shany Barath³  Victoria Culshaw¹  Yasha J. Grobman³  Thomas E. Hauck⁴  Jens Joschinski⁵  Ferdinand Ludwig⁶  Anne Mimet¹  Katia Perini⁷  Enrica Roccotiello⁸  Michael Schloter⁹  Assaf Shwartz³  Defne Sunguroğlu Hensel⁶  Verena Vogler^1,10 

[1] Technical University of Munich, Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences;Department for Digital Architecture and Planning, Technical University Vienna;Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology;Department for Landscape Architecture and Landscape Planning, Technical University Vienna;Studio Animal-Aided Design;Green Technologies in Landscape Architecture, School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich;Architecture and design Department, University of Genoa;Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences ,(DISTAV), University of Genoa;Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis;Research and Development Department

关键词: architectural design;    biodiversity;    building envelope;    cohabitation;    computational design;    ecological restoration;    multi-species design;    urban ecosystems;   

DOI  :  10.1002/pan3.10411

学科分类：护理学

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

1. Research is revealing an increasing number of positive effects of nature for humans. At the same time, biodiversity in cities, where most humans live, is oftenlow or in decline. Tangible solutions are needed to increase urban biodiversity.2. Architecture is a key discipline that has considerable influence on the built-uparea of cities, thereby influencing urban biodiversity. In general, architects donot design for biodiversity. Conversely, urban conservation planning generallyfocuses on the limited space free of buildings and does not embrace architectureas an important discipline for the creation of urban green infrastructure.3. In this paper, we argue that the promotion of biodiversity needs to become a keydriving force of architectural design. This requires a new multi-species designparadigm that considers both human and non-human needs. Such a design approach needs to maintain the standards of the architectural profession, including the aim to increase the well-being of humans in buildings. Yet, it also needs toadd other stakeholders, organisms such as animals, plants and even microbiota.New buildings designed for humans and other inhabitants can then increase biodiversity in cities and also increase the benefits that humans can derive fromclose proximity to nature.4. We review the challenges that this new design approach poses for both architecture and ecology and show that multi-species-design goes beyond existingapproaches in architecture and ecology. The new design approach needs to make ecological knowledge available to the architectural design process, enabling practitioners to find architectural solutions that can facilitate synergiesfrom a multi-species perspective.5. We propose that a first step in creating such a multi-species habitat is the design of buildings with an ecolope, a multi criteria-designed building envelopethat takes into account the needs of diverse organisms. Because there is noframework to design such an ecolope, we illustrate how multi-species designneeds to draw on knowledge from ecology, as well as architecture, and designcomputation.6. We discuss how architectures designed via a multi-species approach can be animportant step in establishing beneficial human–nature relationships in cities,and contribute to human well-being and biodiversity conservation.

【 授权许可】

CC BY