The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation

Ecology and Society: a journal of integrative science for resilience and sustainability

article

Francisco J. Rosado-May¹  Neil M. Dawson²  Brendan Coolsaet³  Eleanor J. Sterling⁶  Robin Loveridge⁷  Nicole D, Gross-Camp⁹  Supin Wongbusarakum^1,10  Kamaljit K. Sangha^1,13  Lea M. Scherl^1,14  Hao Phuong Phan^1,15  Noelia Zafra-Calvo^1,16  Warren G. Lavey^1,17  Patrick Byakagaba^1,18  C. Julián Idrobo^1,19  Aude Chenet^2,20  Nathan J. Bennett²  Stephanie Mansourian^2,22 

[1] Universidad Intercultural Maya de Quintana Roo;Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy, International Union for the Conservation of Nature;European School of Political and Social Sciences ,(ESPOL), Lille Catholic University;Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity ,(CESAB), French Foundation for Research on Biodiversity;Global Environmental Justice Group, School of International Development, University of East Anglia;Center for Biodiversity and Conservation;Department of Environment and Geography University of York;The Biodiversity Consultancy;Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh;One People One Reef;University of Hawaiʻi Sea Grant College Program;Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa;Darwin Centre for Bushfire Research ,(DCBR), Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods ,(RIEL), Charles Darwin University;The Cairns Institute, James Cook University;Institute of Education, University College London;Basque Centre for Climate Change, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country;School of Earth, Society & Environment and College of Law, University of Illinois;School of Forestry, Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Makerere University;Aurora Research Institute, Aurora College;Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability, The Pacific Community;The Peopled Seas Initiative;Mansourian.org;University of Geneva, Geography and Environment Department

关键词: biodiversity conservation;    customary tenure;    environmental justice;    environmental stewardship;    equity;    governance;    human rights;    institutions;    IPLC;    protected areas;    tenure security;    traditional ecological knowledge;    well-being;   

DOI  :  10.5751/ES-12625-260319

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Resilience Alliance Publications

【 摘 要 】

Debate about what proportion of the Earth to protect often overshadows the question of how nature should be conserved and by whom. We present a systematic review and narrative synthesis of 169 publications investigating how different forms of governance influence conservation outcomes, paying particular attention to the role played by Indigenous peoples and local communities. We find a stark contrast between the outcomes produced by externally controlled conservation, and those produced by locally controlled efforts. Crucially, most studies presenting positive outcomes for both well-being and conservation come from cases where Indigenous peoples and local communities play a central role, such as when they have substantial influence over decision making or when local institutions regulating tenure form a recognized part of governance. In contrast, when interventions are controlled by external organizations and involve strategies to change local practices and supersede customary institutions, they tend to result in relatively ineffective conservation at the same time as producing negative social outcomes. Our findings suggest that equitable conservation, which empowers and supports the environmental stewardship of Indigenous peoples and local communities represents the primary pathway to effective long-term conservation of biodiversity, particularly when upheld in wider law and policy. Whether for protected areas in biodiversity hotspots or restoration of highly modified ecosystems, whether involving highly traditional or diverse and dynamic local communities, conservation can become more effective through an increased focus on governance type and quality, and fostering solutions that reinforce the role, capacity, and rights of Indigenous peoples and local communities. We detail how to enact progressive governance transitions through recommendations for conservation policy, with immediate relevance for how to achieve the next decade’s conservation targets under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity.

【 授权许可】

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