An ELISA Platform for the Quantitative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD-neutralizing Antibodies As an Alternative to Monitoring of the Virus-Neutralizing Activity

Acta Naturae

article

Nikita N. Kostin¹  Tatiana V. Bobik¹  George A. Skryabin¹  Mariya A. Simonova¹  Vera D. Knorre¹  Victoria A. Abrikosova¹  Yuliana A. Mokrushina¹  Ivan V. Smirnov¹  Natalia L. Aleshenko²  Natalia A. Kruglova³  Dmitry V. Mazurov³  Alexey E. Nikitin²  Alexander G. Gabibov¹ 

[1] Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences;Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences;Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences

关键词: Gam-COVID-Vac;    Sputnik V;    CoviVac;    virus-neutralizing activity;    antibodies;    SARS-CoV-2;    COVID-19.;   

DOI  :  10.32607/actanaturae.11776

学科分类：生物技术

来源: Moskovskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet im.M.V.Lomonosova/M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University

【 摘 要 】

Monitoring of the level of the virus-neutralizing activity of serum immunoglobulins ensures that one can reliably assess the effectiveness of any protection against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. For SARS-CoV-2, the RBD-ACE2 neutralizing activity of sera is almost equivalent to the virus-neutralizing activity of their antibodies and can be used to assess the level of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. We are proposing an ELISA platform for performing a quantitative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD-neutralizing antibodies, as an alternative to the monitoring of the virus-neutralizing activity using pseudovirus or “live” virus assays. The advantage of the developed platform is that it can be adapted to newly emerging virus variants in a very short time (1–2 weeks) and, thereby, provide quantitative data on the activity of SARS-CoV-2 RBDneutralizing antibodies. The developed platform can be used to (1) study herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2, (2) monitor the effectiveness of the vaccination drive (revaccination) in a population, and (3) select potential donors of immune plasma. The protective properties of the humoral immune response in hospitalized patients and outpatients, as well as after prophylaxis with the two most popular SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in Russia, were studied in detail using this platform. The highest RBD-neutralizing activity was observed in the group of hospitalized patients. The protective effect in the group of individuals vaccinated with Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine was 25% higher than that in outpatients and almost four times higher than that in individuals vaccinated with the CoviVac vaccine.

【 授权许可】

Unknown