Comparative Characterization of Grain Protein Content and Composition by Chromatography-Based Separation Methods (SE-HPLC and RP-HPLC) of Ten Wheat Varieties Grown in Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Algeria

Separations

article

Nesrine Hacini¹  Radia Djelloul¹  Ahmed Hadef²  Marie-Françoise Samson⁴  Dominique Desclaux⁵ 

[1] Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology Research, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Chadli Bendjedid University of El Tarf;Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Chadli Bendjedid University of El Tarf;Laboratory of Development and Control of Hospital Pharmaceutical Preparations, Faculty of Medicine, Badji Mokhtar University of Annaba;IATE, University Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro;DIASCOPE

关键词: gluten;    gliadins;    glutenins;    proteins;    RP-HPLC;    SE-HPLC;    wheat;   

DOI  :  10.3390/separations9120443

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

To characterize and compare the protein quality of ten durum wheat genotypes grown under three cropping modalities in Algeria (subhumid in Algiers, subhumid-semiarid in Constantine, and semiarid in Sétif), the protein profile of their kernels was performed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (SE-HPLC and RP-HPLC). The “variety” factor has a major impact, mainly on the insoluble fraction (Fi), on the gliadin/glutenin ratio, on the large and small glutenin aggregates (F1 and F2, respectively), and on ω-gliadins and high molecular weight albumins (F3). Conversely, the total protein content and the albumin-globulin fraction (F5) depend mainly on the environment. The α- β- and γ-gliadins (F4) are equally dependent on variety and environment. The subhumid-semiarid agroecological conditions of Constantine (SH-SA) favored an important accumulation of proteins (14.1%), particularly by an increased synthesis of omega gliadins and high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS), compared to those of Algiers (SH) and Sétif (SA). For these latter environments, metabolic-type proteins are predominant, reflected in a higher F5 fraction (p < 0.05) (albumin and globulin), and significantly more alpha-beta and gamma gliadins. The use of chromatographic analyses to characterize wheat genotypes remains a reliable tool for breeding and variety promotion programs and can provide a better understanding of the ecophysiology of cereal crops.

【 授权许可】

CC BY