Quantifying the Immediate Response of Soil to Wild Boar ( Sus scrofa L.) Grubbing in Mediterranean Olive Orchards

Soil Systems

article

Pasquale Napoletano¹  Costantina Barbarisi²  Valeria Maselli²  Daniela Rippa²  Carmen Arena²  Maria Grazia Volpe⁵  Claudio Colombo¹  Domenico Fulgione²  Anna De Marco³ 

[1] Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise;Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II;BAT Center—Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Naples Federico II;NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center;Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council;Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II

关键词: microbial communities;    fungi;    seasonal variations;    soil quality index;    leaf traits;    fruit characteristics;    grubbing impact factor;   

DOI  :  10.3390/soilsystems7020038

学科分类：电子与电气工程

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The goals of the current research were to assess the immediate impact of invasive wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) in olive orchards of southern Italy. Over a one-year study, in grubbed and ungrubbed areas, we measured the seasonal changes on the fast soil biological and chemical responses at depths of 0–15 cm and 15–40 cm, and several leaf and fruit characteristics. The impact factor, IFG, was used to quantify the effects of wild boar on individual soil parameters. Grubbing induced an increase in the soil moisture at both depths. Soil pH, organic matter, and C/N ratio were higher in grubbed soils at 0–15 cm and lower at 15–40 cm compared to ungrubbed soils. These trends were reflected in the higher microbial community biomass and the inhibition of fungal fraction in grubbed topsoil, while an opposite tendency at 15–40 cm was found. Microbial biomass had the highest IFG in topsoil (94%) and metabolic quotient (85%) at a 15–40 cm depth. Microbial stress condition and C loss were found in grubbed soil at both depths. Furthermore, these soils were also shown to be of lower quality than ungrubbed soils, especially at 0–15 cm (SQI = 0.40 vs. 0.50, respectively). A stronger negative impact of wild boar grubbing was observed in the Autumn/Winter and for fruit polyphenol content.

【 授权许可】

CC BY