Detection of Anti-ZIKV NS1 IgA, IgM, and Combined IgA/IgM and Identification of IL-4 and IL-10 as Potential Biomarkers for Early ZIKV and DENV Infections in Hyperendemic Regions, Thailand

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease

article

Vajee Petphong¹  Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat¹  Kriengsak Limkittikul²  Pannamas Maneekan³  Supawat Chatchen²  Akanitt Jittmittraphap¹  Pimolpachr Sriburin²  Siriporn Chattanadee¹  Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong¹ 

[1] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University;Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University;Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University

关键词: Zika virus;    IgA;    IgM;    NS1 ELISA;    cytokine;    immunoassay;   

DOI  :  10.3390/tropicalmed8050284

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The frequency of Zika virus (ZIKV)-specific IgA and IgM and the cytokine expression profile of ZIKV-infected patients in hyperendemic areas remain unclear. This study investigated the rates of ZIKV non-structural protein 1 (NS1)-specific IgA and IgM and evaluated serum cytokine levels of ZIKV and Dengue virus (DENV) cases in Thailand to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers, elucidate the immunity against ZIKV and DENV, and investigate the association between cytokine levels and ZIKV symptoms. Low rates of positivity for ZIKV NS1-specific IgA and IgM were detected in our study. ZIKV NS1 IgA/M (11%, 11/101) in combination was more frequently detected than ZIKV NS1 IgM (2%, 2/101) or ZIKV NS1 IgA (4%, 4/96) alone, especially in acute ZIKV cases with previous DENV exposure (14%, 10/72). Cytokine analysis showed that both ZIKV and DENV infections induced polyfunctional immunity, and the latter triggered more prolonged responses. The existence of significant differences in IL-4 and IL-10 levels between acute ZIKV and acute DENV cases suggested that IL-4 (p = 0.0176) and IL-10 (p = 0.0003) may represent biomarkers for acute ZIKV and acute DENV infections, respectively. Analysis of the association between increased cytokine levels and ZIKV symptoms indicated that CXCL10 (p = 0.0029) was associated with exanthema, while IL-5 (p = 0.0496) was linked to headache. The detection of ZIKV NS1 IgA and IgM in combination may enhance the diagnosis of early ZIKV infection, particularly when levels of IgM or IgA alone are low or undetectable. IL-4 and IL-10 may serve as targets for the development of diagnostic tools to detect ZIKV and DENV infections early, respectively, in flavivirus-endemic regions.

【 授权许可】

CC BY