Single-photon level study of microwave properties of lithium niobate at millikelvin temperatures

Article

关键词: OPEN QUANTUM-SYSTEMS;    CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES;    PYTHON FRAMEWORK;    CRYSTALS;    DYNAMICS;    CENTERS;    QUTIP;   

DOI  :  10.1103/PhysRevB.92.060406

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

The properties of doped and natural impurities in lithium niobate single crystals are studied using the whispering gallery mode method at low temperatures as a function of magnetic field. The study reveals considerable coupling of microwave photon modes to the Fe3+ spin ensemble in iron-doped and nondoped crystals. The S = 5/2 structure of the Fe3+ impurities demonstrates zero field splittings of 11.21 and 20.96 GHz, a significant asymmetry of the Zeeman lines, and additional lines with anomalous g factors of 1.37 and 3.95. Also, interactions between different transitions of the Fe3+ ion are observed. An additional ion impurity ensemble with a splitting of about 1.7 GHz is shown to couple to the dominating Fe3+ spins, and the effect on the Q factors of the microwave photon modes due to the Fe3+ ion ensemble is also demonstrated. Measurements down to less than one photon level are made, with a loss tangent of order 10(-5) determined.

【 授权许可】

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