Flux quantization due to monopole and dipole currents

Article

关键词: MAGNETIC MONOPOLES;    COULOMB DRAG;    QUANTUM PHASE;    EDGE STATES;    SPIN;    SUPERCONDUCTIVITY;    SPINTRONICS;    EXCITONS;   

DOI  :  10.1103/PhysRevB.87.214502

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

By discussing field-induced quantum interference effects due to monopole moments and those due to dipole moments on equal footing, their similarities and differences are clarified. First, we demonstrate the general principle for flux quantization. For particles carrying a monopole moment, the interference causes the monopole current to oscillate periodically, with the flux defined as the inner product of the field and area, whereas for particles carrying a fixed dipole moment the dipole current oscillates periodically, with the flux vector defined as the cross product of the field and trajectory. Our analysis unifies the oscillation of monopole or dipole currents in various devices, such as the superconducting quantum interference device and spin field-effect transistor, into the same physical picture. Second, we show that interference effects can also happen in open trajectory devices that transport dipole currents, such as the spin Josephson effect, based on the non-gauge-field nature of the interference effects of dipole moments. In addition, we propose that the interference effect of electric dipoles, known as the He-McKellar-Wilkens effect, can be realized by the bilayer exciton condensates observed in semiconductor heterostructures and bilayer graphene.

【 授权许可】

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