Phase diagram of a quantum Coulomb wire

Article

关键词: CARBON-NANOTUBE TRANSISTORS;    LUTTINGER LIQUID;    WIGNER CRYSTAL;    ONE-DIMENSION;    EXCITATIONS;    MODEL;   

DOI  :  10.1103/PhysRevB.92.245305

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

We report the quantum phase diagram of a one-dimensional Coulomb wire obtained using the path-integral Monte Carlo method. The exact knowledge of the nodal points of this system permits us to find the energy in an exact way, solving the sign problem which spoils fermionic calculations in higher dimensions. The results obtained allow for the determination of the stability domain, in terms of density and temperature, of the one-dimensional Wigner crystal. At low temperatures, the quantum wire reaches the quantum-degenerate regime, which is also described by the diffusion Monte Carlo method. Increasing the temperature, the system transforms to a classical Boltzmann gas, which we simulate using classical Monte Carlo. At large enough density, we identify a one-dimensional ideal Fermi gas which remains quantum up to higher temperatures than in two- and three-dimensional electron gases. The obtained phase diagram and the energetic and structural properties of this system are relevant to experiments with electrons in quantum wires and to Coulomb ions in one-dimensional confinement.

【 授权许可】

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