Equilibrium surface current and role of U(1) symmetry: Sum rule and surface perturbations

Article

关键词: DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY;    LUTTINGERS THEOREM;    SUPERFLUID HE-3-A;    TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS;    ORBITAL MAGNETISM;    ANGULAR-MOMENTUM;    FERMI-SURFACE;    MASS CURRENT;    2 DIMENSIONS;    ELECTRONS;   

DOI  :  10.1103/PhysRevB.92.104502

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

We discuss effects of surface perturbations on equilibrium surface currents which contribute to orbital magnetization and orbital angular momentum in systems without time-reversal symmetry. We show that, in a U(1) particle-number-conserving system, disorder and other perturbations at a surface do not affect the equilibrium surface current and corresponding orbital magnetization, due to a sum rule which is analogous to Luttinger's theorem. On the other hand, for a superfluid, the sum rule is no longer applicable and hence the surface mass current and corresponding orbital angular momentum can depend on details of a surface.

【 授权许可】

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