Birth of a relativistic outflow in the unusual gamma-ray transient Swift J164449.3+573451

Article

关键词: TIDAL DISRUPTION;    BLACK-HOLES;    RADIO-SOURCES;    GALAXIES;    OUTBURST;    STARS;   

DOI  :  10.1038/nature10366

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

Active galactic nuclei, which are powered by long-term accretion onto central supermassive black holes, produce(1) relativistic jets with lifetimes of at least one million years, and the observation of the birth of such a jet is therefore unlikely. Transient accretion onto a supermassive black hole, for example through the tidal disruption(2,3) of a stray star, thus offers a rare opportunity to study the birth of a relativistic jet. On 25 March 2011, an unusual transient source (Swift J164449.3+573451) was found(4), potentially representing(5,6) such an accretion event. Here we report observations spanning centimetre to millimetre wavelengths and covering the first month of evolution of a luminous radio transient associated with Swift J164449.3+573451. The radio transient coincides(7) with the nucleus of an inactive galaxy. We conclude that we are seeing a newly formed relativistic outflow, launched by transient accretion onto a million-solar-mass black hole. A relativistic outflow is not predicted in this situation, but we show that the tidal disruption of a star naturally explains the observed high-energy properties and radio luminosity and the inferred rate of such events. The weaker beaming in the radio-frequency spectrum relative to c-rays or X-rays suggests that radio searches may uncover similar events out to redshifts of z approximate to 6.

【 授权许可】

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