Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes

Article

关键词: LIFE-SPAN EXTENSION;    CALORIE RESTRICTION;    SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE;    SIR2-LIKE PROTEINS;    INSULIN-RESISTANCE;    CELL-SURVIVAL;    LONGEVITY;    NAD;    DEACETYLASE;    GLUCOSE;   

DOI  :  10.1038/nature06261

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

Calorie restriction extends lifespan and produces a metabolic profile desirable for treating diseases of ageing such as type 2 diabetes(1,2). SIRT1, an NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase, is a principal modulator of pathways downstream of calorie restriction that produce beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity(3-9). Resveratrol, a polyphenolic SIRT1 activator, mimics the anti-ageing effects of calorie restriction in lower organisms and in mice fed a high-fat diet ameliorates insulin resistance, increases mitochondrial content, and prolongs survival10-14. Here we describe the identification and characterization of small molecule activators of SIRT1 that are structurally unrelated to, and 1,000-fold more potent than, resveratrol. These compounds bind to the SIRT1 enzyme-peptide substrate complex at an allosteric site amino-terminal to the catalytic domain and lower the Michaelis constant for acetylated substrates. In diet-induced obese and genetically obese mice, these compounds improve insulin sensitivity, lower plasma glucose, and increase mitochondrial capacity. In Zucker fa/fa rats, hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp studies demonstrate that SIRT1 activators improve whole-body glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver. Thus, SIRT1 activation is a promising new therapeutic approach for treating diseases of ageing such as type 2 diabetes.

【 授权许可】

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