Global effects of land use on local terrestrial biodiversity

Article

关键词: PLANT COMMUNITY COMPOSITION;    BOMBUS SPP. HYMENOPTERA;    DUNG BEETLE COLEOPTERA;    BUMBLEBEE NEST DENSITY;    BIRD SPECIES RICHNESS;    SARISKA-TIGER RESERVE;    POST-LOGGING RECOVERY;    VOLANT SMALL MAMMALS;    TROPICAL FOREST;    RAIN-FOREST;   

DOI  :  10.1038/nature14324

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

Human activities, especially conversion and degradation of habitats, are causing global biodiversity declines. How local ecological assemblages are responding is less clear-a concern given their importance for many ecosystem functions and services. We analysed a terrestrial assemblage database of unprecedented geographic and taxonomic coverage to quantify local biodiversity responses to land use and related changes. Here we show that in the worst-affected habitats, these pressures reducewithin-sample species richness by anaverage of 76.5%, total abundance by 39.5% andrarefaction-based richness by 40.3%. We estimate that, globally, these pressures have already slightly reduced average within-sample richness (by 13.6%), total abundance (10.7%) and rarefaction-based richness (8.1%), with changes showing marked spatial variation. Rapid further losses are predicted under a business-as-usual land-use scenario; within-sample richness is projected to fall by a further 3.4% globally by 2100, with losses concentrated in biodiverse but economically poor countries. Strongmitigationcan delivermuchmore positive biodiversity changes (up to a 1.9% average increase) that are less strongly related to countries' socioeconomic status.

【 授权许可】

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