Mitochondrial function in normal and diabetic beta-cells | |
Review | |
关键词: STIMULATED INSULIN-SECRETION; METABOLIC COUPLING FACTORS; TRNA(LEU(UUR)) MUTATION; GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDES; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; PANCREATIC-ISLETS; GLUCOSE; DNA; EXOCYTOSIS; MELLITUS; | |
DOI : 10.1038/414807a | |
来源: SCIE |
【 摘 要 】
The aetiology of type 2, or non-insulin-dependent, diabetes mellitus has been characterized in only a limited number of cases. Among these, mitochondrial diabetes, a rare subform of the disease, is the consequence of pancreatic beta -cell dysfunction caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA, which is distinct from the nuclear genome. The impact of such mutations on beta -cell function reflects the importance of mitochondria in the control of insulin secretion. The beta -cell mitochondria serve as fuel sensors, generating factors that couple nutrient metabolism to the exocytosis of insulin-containing vesicles. The latter process requires an increase in cytosolic Ca2+, which depends on ATP synthesized by the mitochondria. This organelle also generates other factors, of which glutamate has been proposed as a potential intracellular messenger.
【 授权许可】
Free