Mitochondrial function in normal and diabetic beta-cells

Review

关键词: STIMULATED INSULIN-SECRETION;    METABOLIC COUPLING FACTORS;    TRNA(LEU(UUR)) MUTATION;    GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDES;    GENE-TRANSCRIPTION;    PANCREATIC-ISLETS;    GLUCOSE;    DNA;    EXOCYTOSIS;    MELLITUS;   

DOI  :  10.1038/414807a

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

The aetiology of type 2, or non-insulin-dependent, diabetes mellitus has been characterized in only a limited number of cases. Among these, mitochondrial diabetes, a rare subform of the disease, is the consequence of pancreatic beta -cell dysfunction caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA, which is distinct from the nuclear genome. The impact of such mutations on beta -cell function reflects the importance of mitochondria in the control of insulin secretion. The beta -cell mitochondria serve as fuel sensors, generating factors that couple nutrient metabolism to the exocytosis of insulin-containing vesicles. The latter process requires an increase in cytosolic Ca2+, which depends on ATP synthesized by the mitochondria. This organelle also generates other factors, of which glutamate has been proposed as a potential intracellular messenger.

【 授权许可】

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