Coupled dynamics of body mass and population growth in response to environmental change

Article

关键词: YELLOW-BELLIED MARMOTS;    CLIMATE-CHANGE;    NATURAL-SELECTION;    LIFE-HISTORY;    DEMOGRAPHY;    STRATEGIES;    EVOLUTION;    SURVIVAL;    MODELS;    TRAIT;   

DOI  :  10.1038/nature09210

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

Environmental change has altered the phenology, morphological traits and population dynamics of many species(1,2). However, the links underlying these joint responses remain largely unknown owing to a paucity of long-term data and the lack of an appropriate analytical framework(3). Here we investigate the link between phenotypic and demographic responses to environmental change using a new methodology and a long-term (1976-2008) data set from a hibernating mammal (the yellow-bellied marmot) inhabiting a dynamic subalpine habitat. We demonstrate how earlier emergence from hibernation and earlier weaning of young has led to a longer growing season and larger body masses before hibernation. The resulting shift in both the phenotype and the relationship between phenotype and fitness components led to a decline in adult mortality, which in turn triggered an abrupt increase in population size in recent years. Direct and trait-mediated effects of environmental change made comparable contributions to the observed marked increase in population growth. Our results help explain how a shift in phenology can cause simultaneous phenotypic and demographic changes, and highlight the need for a theory integrating ecological and evolutionary dynamics in stochastic environments(4,5).

【 授权许可】

Free