CAR T cells: engineered immune cells to treat brain cancers and beyond

Molecular Cancer

Review

Saikat Dewanjee¹  Pratik Chakraborty¹  Niraj Kumar Jha²  Saurabh Kumar Jha³  Moumita Gangopadhyay⁴  Zoufang Huang⁵  Abhijit Dey⁶  Jian Wang⁷  Xuan-Yu Chen⁸ 

[1] Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India;Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, 201310, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India;Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, 201310, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India;Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, 140413, Mohali, India;Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, 248007, Dehradun, India;Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat, 700126, Kolkata, West Bengal, India;Department of Hematology, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China;Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, 700032, Kolkata, West Bengal, India;Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Jiangyin People’s Hospital of Nantong University, 214400, Jiangyin, China;Institute for Biotechnology, St. John’s University, Queens, 11439, New York, USA;

关键词: Brain cancer;    CAR T cells;    Clinical trials;    Hematological cancer;    Immunotherapy;    Solid tumors;    Tumor antigen;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12943-022-01712-8

 received in 2022-11-15, accepted in 2022-12-29,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Malignant brain tumors rank among the most challenging type of malignancies to manage. The current treatment protocol commonly entails surgery followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, however, the median patient survival rate is poor. Recent developments in immunotherapy for a variety of tumor types spark optimism that immunological strategies may help patients with brain cancer. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells exploit the tumor-targeting specificity of antibodies or receptor ligands to direct the cytolytic capacity of T cells. Several molecules have been discovered as potential targets for immunotherapy-based targeting, including but not limited to EGFRvIII, IL13Rα2, and HER2. The outstanding clinical responses to CAR T cell-based treatments in patients with hematological malignancies have generated interest in using this approach to treat solid tumors. Research results to date support the astounding clinical response rates of CD19-targeted CAR T cells, early clinical experiences in brain tumors demonstrating safety and evidence for disease-modifying activity, and the promise for further advances to ultimately assist patients clinically. However, several variable factors seem to slow down the progress rate regarding treating brain cancers utilizing CAR T cells. The current study offers a thorough analysis of CAR T cells’ promise in treating brain cancer, including design and delivery considerations, current strides in clinical and preclinical research, issues encountered, and potential solutions.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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