Epidural lidocaine, butorphanol, and butorphanol – lidocaine combination in dromedary camels

BMC Veterinary Research

Research

Adel Ibrahim Almubarak¹  Ayman El Nahas¹  Usama Hagag² 

[1]Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, PO Box 400, Al-Ahasa 31982, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia

[2]Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt

关键词: Epidural;    Lidocaine;    Butorphanol;    Camel;    Anti-nociception;    Sedation;    Opioid;    Local anesthetic;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12917-023-03601-8

 received in 2022-11-27, accepted in 2023-01-31,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe use of general anesthesia in dromedary camels is constrained by risks related to decubitus. Caudal epidural analgesia is an alternative convenient technique providing loco-regional analgesia for numerous invasive and noninvasive painful conditions. Lidocaine is probably the most commonly used local anesthetic in clinical practice, but has a relatively short duration and may not provide significant long term analgesic benefits. Epidural administration of an opioid-local anesthetic mixture would improve the quality and length of analgesia and minimizes the adverse motor effects provoked by local anesthetics. Butorphanol (potent agonist–antagonist opioid) has been used to improve the duration of epidural analgesia in some animal species, but not in camels. Therefore, our purpose was to investigate the onset and duration of analgesia as well as the clinical and hemato-biochemical effects produced by the epidural administration of butorphanol (0.04 mg/kg), lidocaine (0.22 mg/ kg), and butorphanol-lidocaine (0.04 mg/kg—0.22 mg/ kg) mixture in nine adult dromedary camels in a crossover experimental study.ResultsThe onset of analgesia was not statistically different between lidocaine (6.5 ± 2.3 min) and butorphanol-lidocaine (7.3 ± 1.5 min) combination. Delayed onset of analgesia was reported after butorphanol administration (14.7 ± 3.5 min). Butorphanol-lidocaine combination produced marked longer duration (175 ± 8.7 min) than lidocaine (55 ± 6.8 min) and butorphanol (158 ± 5.3 min). Mild ataxia was observed in the butorphanol–lidocaine and lidocaine treated animals and slight sedation was reported after butorphanol and butorphanol-lidocaine administration. A transient significant increase in the glucose levels was recorded after all treatments.ConclusionsEpidural administration of butorphanol augments the analgesic effects and duration of lidocaine with minimal adverse effects.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

Fig. 12