Object recognition ability predicts category learning with medical images

Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications

Original Article

Quentin G. Eichbaum¹  Conor J. R. Smithson²  Isabel Gauthier² 

[1] Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA;Vanderbilt Pathology Education Research Group, Nashville, USA;Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, PMB 407817, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, 37240-7817, Nashville, TN, USA;

关键词: Category learning;    Categorisation;    Object recognition;    Individual differences;    Medical images;    Radiology;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s41235-022-00456-9

 received in 2021-12-31, accepted in 2022-12-18,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

We investigated the relationship between category learning and domain-general object recognition ability (o). We assessed this relationship in a radiological context, using a category learning test in which participants judged whether white blood cells were cancerous. In study 1, Bayesian evidence negated a relationship between o and category learning. This lack of correlation occurred despite high reliability in all measurements. However, participants only received feedback on the first 10 of 60 trials. In study 2, we assigned participants to one of two conditions: feedback on only the first 10 trials, or on all 60 trials of the category learning test. We found strong Bayesian evidence for a correlation between o and categorisation accuracy in the full-feedback condition, but not when feedback was limited to early trials. Moderate Bayesian evidence supported a difference between these correlations. Without feedback, participants may stick to simple rules they formulate at the start of category learning, when trials are easier. Feedback may encourage participants to abandon less effective rules and switch to exemplar learning. This work provides the first evidence relating o to a specific learning mechanism, suggesting this ability is more dependent upon exemplar learning mechanisms than rule abstraction. Object-recognition ability could complement other sources of individual differences when predicting accuracy of medical image interpretation.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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