Immunological and metabolic characteristics of the Omicron variants infection

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Article

Peng Du¹  Xu Yang²  Ping Zhu²  Huijie Bian²  Ke Wang²  Zhi-Nan Chen²  Ding Wei²  Xiuxuan Sun²  Ting Guo²  Ying Shi²  Kun Wang²  Jiejie Geng²  Tao Zhang²  Shirui Chen²  Peng Lin²  Ruo Chen²  Zheng Zhang²  Youchun Wang³  Chuan Qin⁴  Jiangning Liu⁴  Ke Xu⁵  Guizhen Wu⁵  Qingyi Wang⁶  Liang Chen⁷  Jing Yuan⁸  Hongzhou Lu⁸  Jiuxin Qu⁸  Yingxia Liu⁸  Jin Zou⁸ 

[1] Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 100871, Beijing, China;Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Clinical Immunology of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi’an, China;Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, 102629, Beijing, China;Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100871, Beijing, China;MHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Preven- tion, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100871, Beijing, China;School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi’an, China;School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 200444, Shanghai, China;The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, 518112, Shenzhen, China;

DOI  :  10.1038/s41392-022-01265-8

 received in 2022-05-26, accepted in 2022-11-22,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

The Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2, primarily authenticated in November 2021 in South Africa, has initiated the 5th wave of global pandemics. Here, we systemically examined immunological and metabolic characteristics of Omicron variants infection. We found Omicron resisted to neutralizing antibody targeting receptor binding domain (RBD) of wildtype SARS-CoV-2. Omicron could hardly be neutralized by sera of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescents infected with the Delta variant. Through mass spectrometry on MHC-bound peptidomes, we found that the spike protein of the Omicron variants could generate additional CD8 + T cell epitopes, compared with Delta. These epitopes could induce robust CD8 + T cell responses. Moreover, we found booster vaccination increased the cross-memory CD8 + T cell responses against Omicron. Metabolic regulome analysis of Omicron-specific T cell showed a metabolic profile that promoted the response of memory T cells. Consistently, a greater fraction of memory CD8 + T cells existed in Omicron stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, CD147 was also a receptor for the Omicron variants, and CD147 antibody inhibited infection of Omicron. CD147-mediated Omicron infection in a human CD147 transgenic mouse model induced exudative alveolar pneumonia. Taken together, our data suggested that vaccination booster and receptor blocking antibody are two effective strategies against Omicron.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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