Seasonal changes in the diversity, host preferences and infectivity of mosquitoes in two arbovirus-endemic regions of Costa Rica

Parasites & Vectors

Research

Luis Guillermo Chaverri¹  Alejandro Alfaro-Alarcón²  Daniel Felipe Barantes Murillo³  Claudio Soto-Garita⁴  Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar⁴  Adriana Troyo⁴  Luis M. Romero-Vega⁵  Marta Piche-Ovares⁵ 

[1]Universidad Estatal a Distancia, San José, Costa Rica

[2]Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica

[3]Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica

[4]Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA

[5]Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica

[6]Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica

[7]Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica

关键词: Mosquito;    Diversity;    NDVI;    Alphavirus;    Flavivirus;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13071-022-05579-y

 received in 2022-08-24, accepted in 2022-11-04,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMosquitoes are vectors of various arboviruses belonging to the genera Alphavirus and Flavivirus, and Costa Rica is endemic to several of them. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the community structure of such vectors in Costa Rica.MethodsSampling was performed in two different coastal locations of Costa Rica with evidence of arboviral activity during rainy and dry seasons. Encephalitis vector surveillance traps, CDC female gravid traps and ovitraps were used. Detectionof several arboviruses by Pan-Alpha and Pan-Flavi PCR was attempted. Blood meals were also identified. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was estimated for each area during the rainy and dry seasons. The Chao2 values for abundance and Shannon index for species diversity were also estimated.Results A total of 1802 adult mosquitoes belonging to 55 species were captured, among which Culex quinquefasciatus was the most caught species. The differences in NDVI were higher between seasons and between regions, yielding lower Chao-Sørensen similarity index values. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, West Nile virus and Madariaga virus were not detected at all, and dengue virus and Zika virus were detected in two separate Cx. quinquefasciatus specimens. The primary blood-meal sources were chickens (60%) and humans (27.5%). Both sampled areas were found to have different seasonal dynamics and population turnover, as reflected in the Chao2 species richness estimation values and Shannon diversity index.Conclusion Seasonal patterns in mosquito community dynamics in coastal areas of Costa Rica have strong differences despite a geographical proximity. The NDVI influences mosquito diversity at the regional scale more than at the local scale. However, year-long continuous sampling is required to better understand local dynamics.Graphical Abstract

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2022

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