Pattern of macronutrients intake among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Malaysia

BMC Nutrition

Research

Mohd Tamil Azmi¹  Md Isa Zaleha¹  Ismail Noor Hassim¹  Ab Razak Nurul Hafza¹  Jaafar Mohd Hasni¹  Ismail Rosnah¹  Yusof Khairul Hazdi¹  Zainol Abidin Najihah²  Mohamed Noor Khan Nor Ashikin³  Mat Nasir Nafza³ 

[1] Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Cheras, Malaysia;Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Cheras, Malaysia;Department of Diagnostic & Allied Health Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management & Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia;Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia;

关键词: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM);    Macronutrients;    Adult;    Obesity;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40795-022-00648-y

 received in 2022-04-14, accepted in 2022-12-09,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising rapidly in Malaysia. Modifying dietary intake is key to both the prevention and treatment of T2DM. This study aims to investigate the pattern of macronutrient intake among T2DM patients in Malaysia.MethodsThis study was carried out on adults aged between 35 and 70 years, residing in urban and rural Malaysian communities. A series of standardised questionnaires was used to assess the sociodemographic information, dietary intake and physical activity level of 15,353 respondents who provided informed consent to participate in this study. Blood sampling (finger prick test) and physical examination were performed to obtain blood glucose and anthropometric data, respectively. The Chi-square test was used to assess differences in the trends of macronutrient intake among T2DM patients.ResultsThe total number of participants diagnosed with T2DM in this study was 2254. Of these, 453 (20.1%) were newly diagnosed, 1156 (51.3%) were diagnosed for ≤5 years and 645 (28.6%) were diagnosed for > 5 years. Male patients show that there were significant differences among the three groups of T2DM according to the following variables: age, BMI, residency, participant comorbidity of hypertension, family history of T2DM and hypertension, and active smoker. Meanwhile, female patients show significant differences among the three groups of T2DM according to the following variables: age, BMI, marital status, education level, residency, participant comorbidity of hypertension and family history of T2DM. Most of the male patients consumed appropriate proportions of carbohydrate (458, 60.7%) and protein (618, 81.9%). However, female patients did not show any significant differences of the macronutrients intake among the three groups of T2DM patients.ConclusionsThe pattern of dietary intake among T2DM patients in this study showed consumption of carbohydrate and protein within the range of Malaysian RNI, coupled with high fat intake. Compliance with the Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) was satisfactory for both carbohydrate and protein but not for fat. The pattern indicated a preference for fat rather than protein when carbohydrate intake was restricted.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023