Multi-omics gut microbiome signatures in obese women: role of diet and uncontrolled eating behavior

BMC Medicine

Research Article

Alessandro Agostini¹  Silke Matysik²  Sabrina Krautbauer²  Patricia Iozzo³  Yolanda Sanz⁴  Patrizia Brigidi⁵  Federica D’Amico⁶  Monica Barone⁶  Nicola Salituro⁷  Flaminia Fanelli⁷  Uberto Pagotto⁷  Silvia Garelli⁷  Roberta Mazza⁸  Simone Rampelli⁹  Silvia Turroni⁹  Marco Candela⁹ 

[1] Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola Polyclinic, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cure a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy;Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany;Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124, Pisa, Italy;Microbial Ecology, Nutrition & Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980, Valencia, Spain;Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy;Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy;Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy;Unit of Endocrinology and Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola Polyclinic, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cure a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy;Unit of Endocrinology and Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola Polyclinic, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cure a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy;Present Address: Research Development - Life Sciences and Bioeconomy Unit, Research Services Division (ARIC), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy;Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy;

关键词: Gut microbiome;    Obesity;    Diet;    Uncontrolled eating behavior;    Metagenomics;    Metatranscriptomics;    Lipidomics;    Gut-brain axis;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12916-022-02689-3

 received in 2021-11-16, accepted in 2022-08-31,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundObesity and related co-morbidities represent a major health challenge nowadays, with a rapidly increasing incidence worldwide. The gut microbiome has recently emerged as a key modifier of human health that can affect the development and progression of obesity, largely due to its involvement in the regulation of food intake and metabolism. However, there are still few studies that have in-depth explored the functionality of the human gut microbiome in obesity and even fewer that have examined its relationship to eating behaviors.MethodsIn an attempt to advance our knowledge of the gut-microbiome-brain axis in the obese phenotype, we thoroughly characterized the gut microbiome signatures of obesity in a well-phenotyped Italian female cohort from the NeuroFAST and MyNewGut EU FP7 projects. Fecal samples were collected from 63 overweight/obese and 37 normal-weight women and analyzed via a multi-omics approach combining 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and lipidomics. Associations with anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, and nutritional data were then sought, with particular attention to cognitive and behavioral domains of eating.ResultsWe identified four compositional clusters of the gut microbiome in our cohort that, although not distinctly associated with weight status, correlated differently with eating habits and behaviors. These clusters also differed in functional features, i.e., transcriptional activity and fecal metabolites. In particular, obese women with uncontrolled eating behavior were mostly characterized by low-diversity microbial steady states, with few and poorly interconnected species (e.g., Ruminococcus torques and Bifidobacterium spp.), which exhibited low transcriptional activity, especially of genes involved in secondary bile acid biosynthesis and neuroendocrine signaling (i.e., production of neurotransmitters, indoles and ligands for cannabinoid receptors). Consistently, high amounts of primary bile acids as well as sterols were found in their feces.ConclusionsBy finding peculiar gut microbiome profiles associated with eating patterns, we laid the foundation for elucidating gut-brain axis communication in the obese phenotype. Subject to confirmation of the hypotheses herein generated, our work could help guide the design of microbiome-based precision interventions, aimed at rewiring microbial networks to support a healthy diet-microbiome-gut-brain axis, thus counteracting obesity and related complications.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2022

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