Biostimulation of tomato growth and biocontrol of Fusarium wilt disease using certain endophytic fungi

Botanical Studies

Original Article

Mohamed H. Kalaba¹  Mohamed S. Attia¹  Amr H. Hashem¹  Mohamed H. Sharaf¹  Amer M. Abdelaziz¹ 

[1] Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt;

关键词: Tomato;    Fusarium;    Endophytic;    Antioxidant enzymes;    Isozymes;    Resistance;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40529-022-00364-7

 received in 2022-08-11, accepted in 2022-11-15,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundTomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) suffers from numerous fungal pathogens that cause damage to yeild production qualitatively and quantitatively. One of the most destructive disease of tomato is Fusarium wilt that caused by soil borne fungus called F. oxysporum.MethodsIn this study, the anti-Fusarium capabilities of the foliar application of fungal endophytes extracts have been investigated on tomato under Fusarium challenges. Antifungal assay, inhibition of conidial germination, disease severity, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, secondary metabolites, oxidative stress, peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidases (PPO) isozymes were tested for potential resistance of tomato growing under Fusarium infection. ResultsEthyl acetate extracts of A. flavus MZ045563, A. fumigatus MZ045562 and A. nidulans MZ045561 exhibited antifungal activity toward F. oxysporum where inhibition zone diameters were 15, 12 and 20 mm, respectively. Moreover, extracts of all fungal isolates at concentration 7.5 mg/mL reduced conidia germination from 94.4 to 100%. Fusarium infection caused a destructive effects on tomato plant, high severity desiese index 84.37%, reduction in growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and soluble protein. However, contents of proline, total phenol, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and antioxidant enzymes activity were increased in tomato plants grown under Fusarium wilt. Treatment of healthy or infected tomato plants by ethyl acetate fungal extracts showed improvements in morphological traits, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, total phenol and antioxidant enzymes activity. Besides, the harmful impacts of Fusarium wilt disease on tomato plants have also been reduced by lowering MDA and H2O2 levels. Also, treated tomato plants showed different responses in number and density of POD and PPO isozymes.ConclusionIt could be suggested that application of ethyl acetate extracts of tested fungal endophytes especially combination of A. flavus, A. nidulans and A. fumigatus could be commercially used as safe biostimulation of tomato plants as well as biofungicide against tomato Fusarium wilt disease.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2022

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