The national atlas of tsetse flies and African animal trypanosomosis in Ethiopia

Parasites & Vectors

Research

Netsanet Asfaw¹  Aschenaki Kalsa¹  Zelalem Worku²  Teshome Kifle²  Dereje Alemu³  Ahimedin Beshir³  Endalew Debas⁴  Ayana Selamu⁴  Tsegaye Gebre⁵  Massimo Paone⁶  Giuliano Cecchi⁶  Weining Zhao⁶  Berisha Kapitano⁷  Dagnachew Beyene⁸ 

[1] Animal Health Institute, Arba Minch Animal Health Centre, Arba Minch, Ethiopia;Animal Health Institute, Asossa Animal Health Centre, Asossa, Ethiopia;Animal Health Institute, Bedelle Animal Health Centre, Bedelle, Ethiopia;Animal Health Institute, Finote Selam Animal Health Centre, Finote Selam, Ethiopia;Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia;Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Animal Production and Health Division, Rome, Italy;Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;Livestock Development Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;

关键词: African animal trypanosomosis;    Tsetse;    Atlas;    Epidemiology;    Ethiopia.;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13071-022-05617-9

 received in 2022-10-06, accepted in 2022-12-13,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundWith the largest cattle population in Africa and vast swathes of fertile lands infested by tsetse flies, trypanosomosis is a major challenge for Ethiopian farmers. Managing the problem strategically and rationally requires comprehensive and detailed information on disease and vector distribution at the national level. To this end, the National Institute for Control and Eradication of Tsetse and Trypanosomosis (NICETT) developed a national atlas of tsetse and African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) for Ethiopia.MethodsThis first edition of the atlas focused on the tsetse-infested areas in western Ethiopia. Data were collected between 2010 and 2019 in the framework of national surveillance and control activities. Over 88,000 animals, mostly cattle, were tested with the buffy-coat technique (BCT). Odour-enhanced traps were deployed in approximately 14,500 locations for the entomological surveys. Animal- and trap-level data were geo-referenced, harmonized and centralized in a single database.ResultsAAT occurrence was confirmed in 86% of the districts surveyed (107/124). An overall prevalence of 4.8% was detected by BCT in cattle. The mean packed cell volume (PCV) of positive animals was 22.4, compared to 26.1 of the negative. Trypanosoma congolense was responsible for 61.9% of infections, T. vivax for 35.9% and T. brucei for 1.7%. Four tsetse species were found to have a wide geographic distribution. The highest apparent density (AD) was reported for Glossina pallidipes in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's Region (SNNPR) (3.57 flies/trap/day). Glossina tachinoides was the most abundant in Amhara (AD 2.39), Benishangul-Gumuz (2.38), Gambela (1.16) and Oromia (0.94) regions. Glossina fuscipes fuscipes and G. morsitans submorsitans were detected at lower densities (0.19 and 0.42 respectively). Only one specimen of G. longipennis was captured.ConclusionsThe atlas establishes a reference for the distribution of tsetse and AAT in Ethiopia. It also provides crucial evidence to plan surveillance and monitor control activities at the national level. Future work on the atlas will focus on the inclusion of data collected by other stakeholders, the broadening of the coverage to tsetse-free areas and continuous updates. The extension of the atlas to data on control activities is also envisaged.Graphical Abstract

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2022

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