Association of nutritional glycaemic indices with global DNA methylation patterns: results from the Moli-sani cohort

Clinical Epigenetics

Research

Chiara Cerletti¹  Giovanni de Gaetano¹  Alfonsina Tirozzi¹  Benedetta Izzi¹  Sabatino Orlandi¹  Maria Benedetta Donati¹  Marialaura Bonaccio¹  Amalia De Curtis¹  Fabrizia Noro¹  Simona Costanzo¹  Annalisa Marotta²  Licia Iacoviello³  Alessandro Gialluisi³  Federica Santonastaso⁴  Furio Brighenti⁵  Francesco Gianfagna⁶  Augusto Di Castelnuovo⁷ 

[1] Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Via Dell’Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy;Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Via Dell’Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy;Center of Predictive Molecular Medicine, Center for Excellence on Ageing and Translational Medicine (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy;Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Via Dell’Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy;EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Via Dell’Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy;Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy;European School of Molecular Medicine, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy;Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy;EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy;Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy;

关键词: Methylation;    Hydroxymethylation;    Glycaemic index;    Glycaemic load;    Metabolic disorders;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13148-022-01407-3

 received in 2022-07-04, accepted in 2022-12-13,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundHigh dietary glycaemic index (GI) and load (GL) have been associated with increased risk of various cardiometabolic conditions. Among the molecular potential mechanisms underlying this relationship, DNA methylation has been studied, but a direct link between high GI and/or GL of diet and global DNA methylation levels has not been proved yet. We analyzed the associations between GI and GL and global DNA methylation patterns within an Italian population.ResultsGenomic DNA methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) levels were measured in 1080 buffy coat samples from participants of the Moli-sani study (mean(SD) = 54.9(11.5) years; 52% women) via ELISA. A 188-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess food intake and dietary GI and GL for each participant were calculated. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the associations between dietary GI and GL and global 5mC and 5hmC levels, as well as the proportion of effect explained by metabolic and inflammatory markers. We found negative associations of GI with both 5mC (β (SE) = − 0.073 (0.027), p = 0.007) and 5hmC (− 0.084 (0.030), p = 0.006), and of GL with 5mC (− 0.14 (0.060), p = 0.014). Circulating biomarkers did not explain the above-mentioned associations. Gender interaction analyses revealed a significant association of the gender-x-GL interaction with 5mC levels, with men showing an inverse association three times as negative as in women (interaction β (SE) = − 0.16 (0.06), p = 0.005).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation patterns represent a biomarker of carbohydrate intake. Based on the differential association of GL with 5mC between men and women, further gender-based separate approaches are warranted.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2022

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