Importance of Early Detection of Potentially Malignant Lesions in the Prevention of Oral Cancer

Materia Socio Medica

article

Sanja Hadzic¹  Mirjana Gojkov-Vukelic¹  Enes Pasic¹  Almir Dervisevic² 

[1] Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo;Maxillofacial surgery Clinical Center of Sarajevo

关键词: oral cancer;    potentially malignant lesions;    Toluidine test;    biopsy;   

DOI  :  10.5455/msm.2017.29.129-133

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Avicena d.o.o

【 摘 要 】

Objective: The aim of this study was to assessthe importance of early diagnosis of potentiallymalignant lesions in the prevention of oral cancer.Material and methods: In order to achieve the setobjectives, we selected our participant pool. Of the340 patients who came to the initial examinationat the Clinic for Oral Medicine and Periodontology,we selected 40 patients with potentially malignantoral lesions (PMOL) of both sexes and of different ages. After an extensive anamnesis and aclinical examination of all mucous membranes, wedocumented potentially malignant lesions, theirlocalization, subjective and objective symptoms,duration of pathological lesion, and bad habits(smoking and alcohol). All lesions were coloredwith Toluidine blue, which indicates malignancyin 75% of cases. Patients who had a positiveToluidine blue staining test were sent to biopsyand pathohistological analysis. Results: The mostcommon potentially malignant lesions are Lichenreticularis (25%), Lichen erosivus (20%), andLeukoplakia (15%). The most common localization of lesions is the buccal mucosa bilaterally(26%), buccal mucosa unilaterally (10%), and thelower lip (10%). The staining test with Toluidineblue was positive at 23% PMOLs. In patients withpositive Toluidine staining findings, biopsy andpathohistological analysis were performed, whichshowed that 20% of all lesions are carcinoma (CIS,Baseocellular Carcinoma, Squamocellular Carcinoma), while 14% are mucosal epithelial dysplasia.Statistical analysis confirmed the significance ofpositive staining of Toluidine blue and Leukoplakia(Spearman’s coefficient = 0.427, p = 0.006, N =40), and statistically significant positive association of Squamocellular Carcinoma and Toluidineblue staining (Spearman’s coefficient = 0.619, p =0.000, N = 40). Conclusion: Most oral cancers arecaused by potentially malignant lesions, which iswhy a very detailed clinical examination with thevisualization of pathological lesions is very important. Toluidine blue test can be an auxiliary tool forclinical diagnosis but does not replace the pathohistological finding. Biopsy and pathohistologicalfindings are the gold standard in the diagnosis oforal cancers, as confirmed in our research.

【 授权许可】

CC BY