Associations Between Fitness, Physical Activity, and Fatness in Preschool Children With Typical and Atypical Motor Coordination

Frontiers in Pediatrics

article

Shelley E. Keating¹  Gregore I. Mielke¹  Sara King-Dowling²  Brian W. Timmons⁴  Matthew Kwan²  John Cairney¹ 

[1] School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland;Infant and Child Health ,(INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University;Division of Oncology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia;Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University;Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University

关键词: obesity;    cardiorespiratory fitness;    developmental coordination disorder;    anaerobic capacity;    aerobic capacity;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fped.2022.756862

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Purpose Increased adiposity in children confers a higher risk of cardiovascular disease in later life, with low cardiorespiratory fitness strongly linked to poorer metabolic health. Children with motor coordination problems are likely to be less physically fit and at a higher risk of obesity. In this study, we examined the associations between aerobic and anaerobic fitness, device-measured physical activity, and body adiposity in children (aged 4–5 years) with typical and atypical motor coordination. Methods Baseline data from the Coordination and Activity Tracking in CHildren (CATCH) cohort study were utilised. The assessments included aerobic and anaerobic fitness via time-to-exhaustion on Bruce treadmill test and normalised mean power on Wingate cycling test, respectively; light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary time via accelerometry; and body adiposity (%) via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition (MABC-2) was used to assess motor coordination and classify children as typically developing (TD, >16th percentile) or at risk of developmental coordination disorder (DCD, ≤16th percentile). General linear regression models were fitted to examine associations. Results The analyses included 495 participants (5.0 ± 0.6 years, 56% male, and body adiposity 22.7 ± 4.2%). Aerobic fitness (β = −0.006, p < 0.001) and MVPA (β = −0.018, p = 0.045) were negatively associated with body adiposity when adjusted for age, sex, and MABC-2 score. There was no relationship between sedentary time and body adiposity. There were no interactions of sex or MABC-2 score with any variable. Conclusion Lower aerobic fitness and MVPA were associated with higher body adiposity in preschoolers, regardless of motor coordination. Interventions targetting improved aerobic fitness and MVPA are therefore warranted in both TD and atypically developing preschoolers. Whether maintaining high aerobic fitness in children with possible DCD confers protection against obesity requires longitudinal investigation.

【 授权许可】

CC BY