Salivary Biomarkers as Predictors of Obesity and Intermediate Hyperglycemia in Adolescents

Frontiers in Public Health

article

Hend Alqaderi¹  Fahad Hegazi⁴  Fahd Al-Mulla¹  Chung-Jung Chiu⁵  Alpdogan Kantarci⁵  Ebaa Al-Ozairi¹  Mohamed Abu-Farha¹  Saadoun Bin-Hasan¹  Aishah Alsumait²  Jehad Abubaker¹  Sriraman Devarajan¹  J. Max Goodson⁵  Hatice Hasturk⁵  Mary Tavares³ 

[1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute;Kuwait School Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health;Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine;Department of Preventive Dental Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University;Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute;Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University;Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health;Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine

关键词: inflammation;    saliva;    metabolic disease;    cytokines;    children;    obesity;    insulin;    C-Reactive Protein;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2022.800373

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Introduction Childhood obesity presents a major risk for metabolic diseases in adulthood. Noninvasive methods are needed for predicting the course of obesity in children and its complications. Using blood for longitudinal analyses of biomarkers to predict disease in children is not a convenient method. Saliva presents a noninvasive platform to detect inflammatory changes in biomarkers as possible predictive measures of future pathological events. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between specific salivary biomarkers, obesity, and intermediate hyperglycemia in children. We also investigated the longitudinal association between the salivary biomarkers and change in Body Mass Index-for-age percentile scores (BMIz). Methods Data on 353 adolescents were collected from the individuals recruited for seven years in an ongoing Kuwait Healthy Life Study cohort. BMIz was measured at 10, 12, and 17 years of age. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, Leptin, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Insulin, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) were measured in saliva and serum. Additionally, fasting blood plasma glucose levels were recorded. Multilevel longitudinal regression modeling, mediation analyses, and logistic regression were used to determine the predictive value of salivary biomarkers in obesity and hyperglycemia. Results Longitudinal analyses showed that with each one-unit increase of salivary CRP and insulin, there was a 3.5 kg/m 2 and 3.2 kg/m 2 increase in BMIz, respectively. Comparable to serum CRP and insulin, higher salivary CRP and insulin OR 4.94 [95%CI: 1.66,14., OR 2.64 [95%CI: 1.09, 6.38], respectively) were predictive of hyperglycemia and obesity (OR 4.53 [95%CI: 2.40,8.50], OR 3.29 [95%CI: 1.82,5.97], respectively). Insulin was a strong mediator in the relationship between obesity and hyperglycemia. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that salivary CRP and insulin were associated with hyperglycemia, obesity, and possibly diabetes in adolescents. Salivary biomarkers are a noninvasive approach with significant value for disease risk assessment and prevention.

【 授权许可】

CC BY