Variability in Measures of Exhaled Breath Na+, Influence of pulmonary Blood Flow and salivary Na+

Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine

Article

Nicholas A. Cassuto¹  William T. Foxx-Lupo¹  Courtney M. Wheatley¹  Eric M. Snyder¹ 

[1] Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.;

关键词: exhaled breath;    lung fluid;    airway surface liquid;    pulmonary blood;   

DOI  :  10.4137/CCRPM.S4718

来源: Sage Journals

【 摘 要 】

The assessment of inflammatory markers and ions in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is being utilized more frequently in diseases such as asthma and cystic fibrosis with marked variability in EBC measures, including those of exhaled Na+. We sought to determine if variability in exhaled Na+ was due to differences in pulmonary blood flow (PBF) or Na+ in the mouth (salivary Na+). We measured exhaled Na+ three times with coinciding sampling of salivary Na+ and assessment of PBF (using acetylene rebreathing) in 13 healthy subjects (54% female, age = 27 ± 7 yrs., ht. = 172 ± 10 cm, wt. = 70 ± 21 kg, BMI = 22 ± 7 kg/m2 mean ± SD). Exhaled Na+ averaged 2.7 ± 1.2 mmol/l, and salivary Na+ averaged 5.51 ± 4.58 mmol/l. The coefficients of variation across all three measures in all 13 subjects averaged 30% for exhaled Na+ and 83% for salivary Na+, within subjects the variability across the three measures averaged 30% for exhaled Na+ and 38% for salivary Na+. Across all three measures in all 13 subjects the relationship between PBF and exhaled Na+ averaged 0.027 (P = 0.87), and the relationship between salivary Na+ and exhaled Na+ concentrations averaged 0.59 (P = 0.001). Also, we sought to determine the relationship between exhaled Na+ and serum Na+ in an addition 20 subjects. There was a moderate and significant relationship between serum Na+ and exhaled Na+ (r = 0.37, P = 0.04). These findings suggest there that the variability in exhaled Na+ is caused, at least in part, by droplet formation from within the mouth as turbulent air passes through and that there is a flux of ions from the pulmonary blood into the airways.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC   
© 2010 SAGE Publications.

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