Chemokines and Their Receptors in Islet Allograft Rejection and as Targets for Tolerance Induction

Cell Transplantation

Review

Wayne Hancock¹  Colin C. Anderson²  A. M. James Shapiro²  Wayne W. Truong²  Shaheed Merani² 

[1] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Joseph Stokes, Jr. Research Institute and Biesecker Pediatric Liver Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada;

关键词: Chemokine;    Islet;    Allograft;    Transplant;    Tolerance;    Review;   

DOI  :  10.3727/000000006783981963

 received in 2005-05-24, accepted in 2005-11-08,  发布年份 2006

来源: Sage Journals

【 摘 要 】

Graft rejection is a major barrier to successful outcome of transplantation surgery. Islet transplantation introduces insulin secreting tissue into type 1 diabetes mellitus recipients, relieving patients from exogenous insulin injection. However, insulitis of grafted tissue and allograft rejection prevent long-term insulin independence. Leukocyte trafficking is necessary for the launch of successful immune responses to pathogen or allograft. Chemokines, small chemotactic cytokines, direct the migration of leukocytes through their interaction with chemokine receptors found on cell surfaces of immune cells. Unique receptor expression of leukocytes, and the specificity of chemokine secretion during various states of immune response, suggest that the extracellular chemokine milieu specifically homes certain leukocyte subsets. Thus, only those leukocytes required for the current immune task are attracted to the inflammatory site. Chemokine blockade, using antagonists and monoclonal antibodies directed against chemokine receptors, is an emerging and specific immunosuppressive strategy. Importantly, chemokine blockade may potentiate tolerance induction regimens to be used following transplantation surgery, and prevent the need for life-long immunosuppression of islet transplant recipients. Here, the role for chemokine blockade in islet transplant rejection and tolerance is reviewed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© 2006 Cognizant Comm. Corp.