New timestamp mark–based energy efficient time synchronization method for wireless sensor networks

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

Research Article

Gang Zhang¹  Min Kong¹  Fugui He¹  Yourui Huang² 

[1] School of Electrical and Photoelectrical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China;Yourui Huang, School of Electrical and Photoelectrical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an 237012, China. Email: ;

关键词: Time synchronization;    energy efficiency;    sequential multi-hop synchronization;    timestamp accurate mark;   

DOI  :  10.1177/15501329221135516

 received in 2022-06-10, accepted in 2022-09-17,  发布年份 2022

来源: Sage Journals

【 摘 要 】

Aimed at the demands of wireless sensor networks for high energy-efficient time synchronization, the reduction of synchronization energy consumption is studied from the aspects of both accurate timestamps marking and synchronous information transmission mechanism. First, the network is divided into several parent–child groups periodically. The group-wise pair selection algorithm is used to select the network’s pairwise synchronization nodes, and chain-type network topology is thus generated. Second, the sequential multi-hop synchronization algorithm is introduced to realize the synchronization information exchange among pairwise synchronization nodes. The overhearing synchronization (OS) nodes obtain the synchronization information packet based on a one-way overhearing mechanism. Moreover, the accurate acquisition of the synchronization ack packet’s timestamp is carried out through the use of receiving-time-plus-fixed-delay mode. Third, the joint maximum likelihood method and the minimum variance unbiased estimation method are used to estimate the clock offsets of pairwise synchronization nodes and overhearing nodes to the parent nodes, respectively, based on which the child nodes adjust their local virtual clocks. Periodically, the pairwise synchronization nodes initiate the network’s time synchronization, estimate, and broadcast the relative offset to the gateway node, assisting the upper layer child nodes in synchronizing to the gateway node. Simulation results show that the proposed method not only achieves the millisecond level synchronization accuracy but also reduces the synchronization energy consumption and thus improves the network lifetime.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2022

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 1.