Controlling Unpleasant Thoughts: Adjustments of Cognitive Control Based on Previous-Trial Load in a Working Memory Task

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Jéssica S. Figueira²  Luiza Bonfim Pacheco³  Leticia Oliveira⁴  Mirtes G. Pereira⁴  Isabel A. David⁴ 

[1] Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, Brazil;Department of Psychology, Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States;Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, Brazil;

关键词: working memory;    conflict adaptation;    event-related potentials;    emotion;    thought control ability;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnhum.2019.00469

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Dynamic cognitive control adjustments are important for integrating thoughts and actions that take place during dynamic changes of environmental demands and support goal-directed behavior. We investigated, in a working memory (WM) paradigm, whether dynamic adjustments in cognitive control based on previous trial load influence the neural response to neutral or unpleasant distracters. We also investigated whether individual self-reported abilities in controlling thoughts influence this effect. Participants performed a WM change detection task with low or high WM-related cognitive demands. An unpleasant or a neutral distractive image was presented at the beginning of each trial, prior to the WM task. We tested for control adjustments that were associated with the load level of the preceding trial task (N-1) on the neural response to the subsequent distractive image. We found an effect of the prior WM task load on a parieto-occipital waveform event-related potential (ERP) that appeared between 200 and 300 ms after the neutral distracter onset. This effect was not observed for the unpleasant distracter. Individual ability for controlling thoughts may influence the effect of cognitive control adjustments on distracter processing during the unpleasant condition. These findings provide evidence that: (1) dynamic cognitive control adjustments are impaired by unpleasant distracters; and (2) the ability to control unpleasant thoughts is linked to individual differences in flexible cognitive control adjustments and shielding of WM representations from unpleasant distracters.

【 授权许可】

Unknown