Residential Energy Sustainability in China and Germany: The Impact of National Energy Policy System

Sustainability

Chunhong Sheng¹  Bing Xue²  Yun Cao³ 

[1] China Center for Special Economic Zone Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies e.V. (IASS), 14467 Potsdam, Germany;School of Governance, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany;

关键词: residential energy;    energy policy;    China;    Germany;    public participation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su10124535

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The energy consumption and carbon emission of Chinese households is growing rapidly and will continue to do so for the near future. Currently, Chinese energy policies mainly focus on the industrial sector instead of the residential sector. Among industrialized countries, Germany has performed relatively well in the residential sector, which can provide valuable lessons for China. This paper investigates the policy-making, implementation, and resulting patterns of Chinese and German residential energy policies from a multi-level perspective. The policy system study provides a holistic view over the factors influencing residential energy sustainability. The main findings are: (1) the German residential energy policy system follows a hybrid policy model, combining top-down and bottom-up policy designs, with more demand-side or market-oriented policies, and a high level of public participation, resulting in remarkable headway toward sustainability in the residential energy sector; and (2) the Chinese energy policy system is characterized by top-down, supply-side oriented market policies with limited public participation. The policy implication of this study for China is to shift its top-down policy paradigm to a hybrid policy model that facilitates public participation in the residential energy sector.

【 授权许可】

Unknown