Identifying Priorities for the Protection of Deep Mediterranean Sea Ecosystems Through an Integrated Approach

Frontiers in Marine Science

Tiziana Ciuffardi¹  Marco Taviani²  Julian Evans³  Patrick J. Schembri³  Silvia Bianchelli⁴  Queralt Güell-Bujons⁵  Miquel Canals⁶  Marie-Claire Fabri⁷  Giorgio Castellan⁸  Federica Foglini⁸  Lorenzo Angeletti⁸  Sandrine Vaz⁹  Roberto Danovaro^1,10  Emanuela Fanelli^1,10  Menachem Goren^1,11  Bella Galil^1,11 

[1] 0Santa Teresa Marine Environment Research Centre, ENEA, La Spezia, Italy;1Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States;Department of Biology, University of Malta, Msida, Malta;Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy;Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain;GRC Geociències Marines, Departament de Dinàmica de la Terrai de l’Oceà, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Ifremer, Centre de Méditerranée, La Seyne-sur-Mer, France;Institute of Marine Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISMAR), Bologna, Italy;MARBEC, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, University of Montpellier, Sète, France;Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy;The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel;

关键词: biodiversity hotspots;    deep-sea ecosystems;    multicriteria decision analysis;    expert evaluation;    marine protected areas;    Marine Strategy Framework Directive;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmars.2021.698890

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Benthic habitats of the deep Mediterranean Sea and the biodiversity they host are increasingly jeopardized by increasing human pressures, both direct and indirect, which encompass fisheries, chemical and acoustic pollution, littering, oil and gas exploration and production and marine infrastructures (i.e., cable and pipeline laying), and bioprospecting. To this, is added the pervasive and growing effects of human-induced perturbations of the climate system. International frameworks provide foundations for the protection of deep-sea ecosystems, but the lack of standardized criteria for the identification of areas deserving protection, insufficient legislative instruments and poor implementation hinder an efficient set up in practical terms. Here, we discuss the international legal frameworks and management measures in relation to the status of habitats and key species in the deep Mediterranean Basin. By comparing the results of a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and of expert evaluation (EE), we identify priority deep-sea areas for conservation and select five criteria for the designation of future protected areas in the deep Mediterranean Sea. Our results indicate that areas (1) with high ecological relevance (e.g., hosting endemic and locally endangered species and rare habitats),(2) ensuring shelf-slope connectivity (e.g., submarine canyons), and (3) subject to current and foreseeable intense anthropogenic impacts, should be prioritized for conservation. The results presented here provide an ecosystem-based conservation strategy for designating priority areas for protection in the deep Mediterranean Sea.

【 授权许可】

Unknown