Experimental Models of Neuroimmunological Disorders: A Review

Frontiers in Neurology

Denise Cantarelli Machado¹  Rodrigo Braccini Madeira Silva³  Leise Daniele Sckenal Goi⁴  Rachel Dias Molina⁴  Douglas Kazutoshi Sato⁴  Ana Paula Bornes da Silva⁵ 

[1] Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil;Neuroinflammation and Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil;Research Center in Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil;School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil;School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil;

关键词: immune system;    autoantibodies;    demyelination;    neuroimmunological diseases;    preclinical models;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fneur.2020.00389

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are a group of neurological disorders in which inflammation and/or demyelination are induced by cellular and humoral immune responses specific to CNS antigens. They include diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (NMDAR encephalitis). Over the years, many in vivo and in vitro models were used to study clinical, pathological, physiological and immunological features of these neuroimmunological disorders. Nevertheless, there are important aspects of human diseases that are not fully reproduced in the experimental models due to their technical limitations. In this review, we describe the preclinical models of neuroimmune disorders, and how they contributed to the understanding of these disorders and explore potential treatments. We also describe the purpose and limitation of each one, as well as the recent advances in this field.

【 授权许可】

Unknown