On Solutions of Fractional order Telegraph Partial Differential Equation by Crank-Nicholson Finite Difference Method

Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences

Cangul Ismail Naci¹  Rajesh Kanna M. R.²  Pradeep Kumar R.³  Nandappa Soner³ 

[1] Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Mathematics, Gorukle16059BursaTurkey;Department of Mathematics, Sri D Devaraj Urs Government First Grade College, Hunsur-571105India;Department of Studies in Mathematics, University of Mysore, Mysuru-570 006India;

关键词: q-distance matrix;    q-distance eigenvalues;    q-distance energy;    join of graphs;    union of graphs;    05c07;    05c76;    05c90;   

DOI  :  10.2478/amns.2020.2.00017

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Three main tools to study graphs mathematically are to make use of the vertex degrees, distances and matrices. The classical graph energy was defined by means of the adjacency matrix in 1978 by Gutman and has a large number of applications in chemistry, physics and related areas. As a result of its importance and numerous applications, several modifications of the notion of energy have been introduced since then. Most of them are defined by means of graph matrices constructed by vertex degrees. In this paper we define another type of energy called q-distance energy by means of distances and matrices. We study some fundamental properties and also establish some upper and lower bounds for this new energy type.

【 授权许可】

Unknown