Anorexia Nervosa Is Associated with a Shift to Pro-Atherogenic Low-Density Lipoprotein Subclasses

Biomedicines

Sieglinde Zelzer¹  Harald Mangge¹  Hubert Scharnagl¹  Sabrina Mörkl²  Nathalie Meier-Allard³  Sandra J. Holasek³  Sonja Lackner³  Alankrita Rani⁴  Julia T. Stadler⁴  Gunther Marsche⁴ 

[1] Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria;Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria;Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria;Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria;

关键词: anorexia nervosa;    lipoprotein subclasses;    VLDL;    small LDL particles;    HDL function CETP;    LCAT;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biomedicines10040895

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder affecting primarily female adolescents and younger adults. The energy deprivation associated with AN has been shown to alter lipoprotein metabolism, which may affect cardiovascular risk. However, the mechanisms leading to alterations in the composition, structure, and function of lipoproteins in AN patients are not well-understood yet. Here, we investigated the lipid abnormalities associated with AN, particularly changes in the distribution, composition, metabolism, and function of lipoprotein subclasses. In this exploratory study, we analyzed serum samples of 18 women diagnosed with AN (BMI < 17.5 kg/m²) and 24 normal-weight women (BMI from 18.5–24.9 kg/m²). Using the Quantimetrix Lipoprint^® system, we determined low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclass distribution, including quantitative measurements of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass distribution. We quantified the most abundant apolipoproteins of HDL and assessed lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl-ester transfer protein (CETP) activities. In addition, anti-oxidative capacity of apoB-depleted serum and functional metrics of HDL, including cholesterol efflux capacity and paraoxonase activity were assessed. The atherogenic lipoprotein subclasses VLDL and small LDL particles were increased in AN. Levels of VLDL correlated significantly with CETP activity (r_s = 0.432, p = 0.005). AN was accompanied by changes in the content of HDL-associated apolipoproteins involved in triglyceride catabolism, such as apolipoprotein C-II (+24%) and apoA-II (−27%), whereas HDL-associated cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides were not altered. Moreover, AN did not affect HDL subclass distribution, cholesterol efflux capacity, and paraoxonase activity. We observed a shift to more atherogenic lipoprotein subclasses in AN patients, whereas HDL functionality and subclass distribution were not altered. This finding underpins potential detrimental effects of AN on lipid metabolism and the cardiovascular system by increasing atherosclerotic risk factors.

【 授权许可】

Unknown