The Epithelial Cell Leak Pathway

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Ashley Monaco¹  Josephine Axis¹  Kurt Amsler¹  Ben Ovryn² 

[1] Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Boulevard, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA;Department of Physics, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Boulevard, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA;

关键词: paracellular permeability;    tight junction;    Pore Pathway;    Leak Pathway;    occludin;    ZO-1;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms22147677

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The epithelial cell tight junction structure is the site of the transepithelial movement of solutes and water between epithelial cells (paracellular permeability). Paracellular permeability can be divided into two distinct pathways, the Pore Pathway mediating the movement of small ions and solutes and the Leak Pathway mediating the movement of large solutes. Claudin proteins form the basic paracellular permeability barrier and mediate the movement of small ions and solutes via the Pore Pathway. The Leak Pathway remains less understood. Several proteins have been implicated in mediating the Leak Pathway, including occludin, ZO proteins, tricellulin, and actin filaments, but the proteins comprising the Leak Pathway remain unresolved. Many aspects of the Leak Pathway, such as its molecular mechanism, its properties, and its regulation, remain controversial. In this review, we provide a historical background to the evolution of the Leak Pathway concept from the initial examinations of paracellular permeability. We then discuss current information about the properties of the Leak Pathway and present current theories for the Leak Pathway. Finally, we discuss some recent research suggesting a possible molecular basis for the Leak Pathway.

【 授权许可】

Unknown