Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Variations in Self-Identified Muscle Builders Who Report Using Protein Supplements

Nutrients

Shawn R. Campagna¹  Hector F. Castro¹  Courtney J. Christopher¹  Meng Luo²  Christopher M. Taylor²  Gregory M. Davis³  Scot E. Dowd⁴  Kristin S. Ondrak⁵  Lauri O. Byerley⁵  Karyn M. Gallivan⁵ 

[1] Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;Kinesiology and Health Studies, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA 70401, USA;Molecular Research LP, 503 Clovis Rd, Shallowater, TX 79363, USA;Sports and Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, American Public University System, Charles Town, WV 25414, USA;

关键词: gut microbiota;    gut microbiome;    resistance training;    strength training;    dietary protein;    gut metabolome;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu14030533

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Muscle builders frequently consume protein supplements, but little is known about their effect on the gut microbiota. This study compared the gut microbiome and metabolome of self-identified muscle builders who did or did not report consuming a protein supplement. Twenty-two participants (14 males and 8 females) consumed a protein supplement (PS), and seventeen participants (12 males and 5 females) did not (No PS). Participants provided a fecal sample and completed a 24-h food recall (ASA24). The PS group consumed significantly more protein (118 ± 12 g No PS vs. 169 ± 18 g PS, p = 0.02). Fecal metabolome and microbiome were analyzed by using untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Metabolomic analysis identified distinct metabolic profiles driven by allantoin (VIP score = 2.85, PS 2.3-fold higher), a catabolic product of uric acid. High-protein diets contain large quantities of purines, which gut microbes degrade to uric acid and then allantoin. The bacteria order Lactobacillales was higher in the PS group (22.6 ± 49 No PS vs. 136.5 ± 38.1, PS (p = 0.007)), and this bacteria family facilitates purine absorption and uric acid decomposition. Bacterial genes associated with nucleotide metabolism pathways (p < 0.001) were more highly expressed in the No PS group. Both fecal metagenomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that the PS group’s higher protein intake impacted nitrogen metabolism, specifically altering nucleotide degradation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown