A new frog of the Leptodactylus fuscus species group (Anura: Leptodactylidae), endemic from the South American Gran Chaco

PeerJ

Célio Haddad¹  Nestor G. Basso²  Francisco Brusquetti³  Diego Baldo⁴  Dario E. Cardozo⁴  Rosio G. Schneider⁴  Francisco Kolenc⁵  Claudio Borteiro⁵ 

[1] Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências e Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil;Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAUS-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina;Instituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay;Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina;Sección Herpetología, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo, Uruguay;

关键词: Taxonomy;    Molecular systematics;    Morphology;    Bioacoustics;    Leptodactylinae;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.7869

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A new species of Leptodactylus frog (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the South American Gran Chaco, morphologically similar and previously confused with the widespread Leptodactylus mystacinus, is described through the use of multiple sources of evidence (molecular, external morphology, coloration, osteology, bioacoustics, and behavior). The phylogenetic analysis with partial sequences of mitochondrial rDNA genes (12S and 16S) recovered the new species within the L. fuscus group, being highly divergent (>3% genetic distance in 16S). The new species was recovered as sister taxa of L. mystacinus, from which it is distinguished by tympanum coloration, cephalic index, dorsum and legs coloration, and some osteological differences in nasals and prevomers. This new frog is characterized by a moderate body size (SVL 46.80–66.21 mm), distinctive color pattern (reddish dorsal surfaces of body with noticeable black stripes in the dorsolateral folds), a circular and dark tympanum with dark tympanic annuli, and behavior of males that call on top of fallen logs and tree branches close to the ground.

【 授权许可】

Unknown