Control of Abnormal Synchronization in Neurological Disorders

Frontiers in Neurology

Oleksandr V. Popovych¹  Peter A. Tass³ 

[1] Research Center Juelich;Stanford University;University of Cologne;

关键词: Electrical Stimulation;    sensory stimulation;    anti-kindling;    Coordinated reset neuromodulation;    neuronal synchronization;    Spike timing-dependent plasticity;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fneur.2014.00268

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In the nervous system synchronization processes play an important role, e.g., in the context of information processing and motor control. However, pathological, excessive synchronization may strongly impair brain function and is a hallmarkof several neurological disorders. This focused review addresses the question of how an abnormal neuronal synchronization can specifically be counteracted by invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation as, for instance, by deep brain stimulation for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, or by acoustic stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus. On the example of coordinated reset (CR) neuromodulation we illustrate how insights into the dynamics of complex systems contribute to successful model-based approaches, which use methods from synergetics, nonlinear dynamics, and statistical physics, for the development of novel therapies for normalization of brain function and synaptic connectivity. Based on the intrinsic multistability of the neuronal populations induced by spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP),CR neuromodulation utilizes the mutual interdependence between synaptic connectivity and dynamics of the neuronal networks in order to restore more physiological patterns of connectivity via desynchronization of neuronal activity. The very goal is to shift the neuronal population by stimulation from anabnormally coupled and synchronized state to a desynchronized regime with normalized synaptic connectivity, which significantly outlasts the stimulation cessation, so that long-lasting therapeutic effects can be achieved.

【 授权许可】

Unknown