B Chromosomes in Genus Sorghum (Poaceae)

Plants

Martina Bednářová¹  Jan Bartoš¹  Miroslava Karafiátov¹  Eva Hřibová¹ 

[1] Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 31, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic;

关键词: B chromosomes;    supernumerary chromosomes;    Sorghum;    chromosome elimination;    phylogenesis;    evolution;   

DOI  :  10.3390/plants10030505

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

B chromosomes (Bs) are supernumerary dispensable genomic elements that have been reported in several thousand eukaryotic species. Since their discovery, Bs have been subjected to countless studies aiming at the clarification of their origin, composition, and influence on the carriers. Despite these efforts, we still have very limited knowledge of the processes that led to the emergence of Bs, the mechanisms of their transmission, and the effects of Bs on the hosts. In the last decade, sophisticated molecular methods, including next-generation sequencing, have provided powerful tool to help answer some of these questions, but not many species have received much attention yet. In this review, we summarize the currently available information about Bs in the genus Sorghum, which has so far been on the periphery of scientific interest. We present an overview of the occurrence and characteristics of Bs in various Sorghum species, discuss the possible mechanisms involved in their maintenance and elimination, and outline hypotheses of the origin of Bs in this genus.

【 授权许可】

Unknown