Amiodarone-Related Pure Red Cell Aplastic Anemia and Hypothyroidism in a Child With Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Frontiers in Pediatrics

Huishen Wang¹  Youzhen Qin¹  Hongjun Ba¹  Huimin Peng¹  Yuese Lin¹  Xuandi Li¹  Lingling Xu² 

[1] Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;

关键词: pure red cell aplastic anemia;    amiodarone;    hypothyroidism;    congenital heart disease;    prednisone;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fped.2019.00361

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Introduction: Amiodarone is an effective anti-arrhythmic drug, but there are many clinical side effects that limit its application. There are no case reports of amiodarone-related pure red cell aplastic anemia (PRCA).Case Presentation: Here, we present a case of amiodarone-related PRCA and hypothyroidism in a 7-month-old boy. The patient had a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (the cardiac type) and had undergone cardiac surgery at the age of 2 months. Eleven days after the operation, atrial tachycardia was observed. Amiodarone was administered orally (15 mg/kg.d), following which the arrhythmia was under control. Subsequently, the patient was prescribed amiodarone (5 mg/kg.d) and discharged. Regular medical consultations were not conducted as required. At 7 months of age (5 months after the operation), the patient returned to the hospital for re-examination. The electrocardiogram showed intermittent sinus bradycardia, occasional junctional escape beats, hemoglobin 7.9 g/DL, and thyroid function—TSH 9.660 uIU/mL.Results: Amiodarone was discontinued. Thyroxine was administered orally. Subsequently, the heart rate improved and TSH returned to normal levels. Nutritional therapy was recommended based on a diagnosis of nutrition-related anemia. A re-visit at 9 months of age showed that the weight was 6 kg, but the routine blood test indicated that hemoglobin was 5.9 g/DL with positive cell anemia and low reticulocyte count. Bone marrow cytology examination suggested PRCA. The hemoglobin level was gradually restored after treatment with prednisone.Conclusion: The use of amiodarone in small infants and young children and its side effects should be carefully monitored. The potential mechanism of amiodarone-related PRCA needs further study.

【 授权许可】

Unknown