The Role of Macroautophagy and Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in the Pathogenesis and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cancers

Eleftheria M. Mastoridou¹  Antonia V. Charchanti¹  Anna C. Goussia²  Anastasia D. Karampa³  Nikolaos-Andreas T. Anastasopoulos³  Georgios K. Glantzounis³ 

[1] Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;HPB Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;

关键词: hepatocellular carcinoma;    macroautophagy;    chaperone-mediated autophagy;    chemoresistance;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers14030760

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Hepatocarcinogenesis is a long process with a complex pathophysiology. The current therapeutic options for HCC management, during the advanced stage, provide short-term survival ranging from 10–14 months. Autophagy acts as a double-edged sword during this process. Recently, two main autophagic pathways have emerged to play critical roles during hepatic oncogenesis, macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Mounting evidence suggests that upregulation of macroautophagy plays a crucial role during the early stages of carcinogenesis as a tumor suppressor mechanism; however, it has been also implicated in later stages promoting survival of cancer cells. Nonetheless, chaperone-mediated autophagy has been elucidated as a tumor-promoting mechanism contributing to cancer cell survival. Moreover, the autophagy pathway seems to have a complex role during the metastatic stage, while induction of autophagy has been implicated as a potential mechanism of chemoresistance of HCC cells. The present review provides an update on the role of autophagy pathways in the development of HCC and data on how the modulation of the autophagic pathway could contribute to the most effective management of HCC.

【 授权许可】

Unknown