Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Promising Treatment Option for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Lucia Notario¹  Juan Carlos Pardo¹  Olatz Etxaniz¹  Albert Font¹  Vicenç Ruiz de Porras² 

[1] Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B·ARGO), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain;Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain;

关键词: metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer;    immunotherapy;    immune checkpoint inhibitors;    PD-1;    PD-L1;    CTLA-4;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms22094712

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Since 2010, several treatment options have been available for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), including immunotherapeutic agents, although the clinical benefit of these agents remains inconclusive in unselected mCRPC patients. In recent years, however, immunotherapy has re-emerged as a promising therapeutic option to stimulate antitumor immunity, particularly with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors. There is increasing evidence that ICIs may be especially beneficial in specific subgroups of patients with high PD-L1 tumor expression, high tumor mutational burden, or tumors with high microsatellite instability/mismatch repair deficiency. If we are to improve the efficacy of ICIs, it is crucial to have a better understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to ICIs and to identify predictive biomarkers to determine which patients are most likely to benefit. This review focuses on the current status of ICIs for the treatment of mCRPC (either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs), mechanisms of resistance, potential predictive biomarkers, and future challenges in the management of mCRPC.

【 授权许可】

Unknown