Smartphone-Based Colorimetric Analysis of Urine Test Strips for At-Home Prenatal Care

IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine

Constanza Pontones¹  Stefan Gradl¹  Madeleine Flaucher¹  Katharina M. Jaeger²  Peter A. Fasching²  Matthias W. Beckmann³  Adriana Titzmann³  Bjoern M. Eskofier⁴  Michael Nissen⁴  Hanna Huebner⁴ 

[1] Department of Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&x00E4;N&x00FC;rnberg, Erlangen, Germany;t Erlangen&x2013;

关键词: Urinalysis;    smartphone;    colorimetric analysis;    artificial intelligence;    digital health;   

DOI  :  10.1109/JTEHM.2022.3179147

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Objective: Clinical urine tests are a key component of prenatal care. As of now, urine test strips are evaluated through a time consuming, often error-prone and operator-dependent visual color comparison of test strips and reference cards by medical staff. Methods and procedures: This work presents an automated pipeline for urinalysis with urine test strips using smartphone camera images in home environments, combining several image processing and color combination techniques. Our approach is applicable to off-the-shelf test strips in home conditions with no additional hardware required. For development and evaluation of our pipeline we collected image data from two sources: i) A user study (26 participants, 150 images) and ii) a lab study (135 images). Results: We trained a region-based convolutional neural network that is able to detect the urine test strip location and orientation in images with a wide variety of light conditions, backgrounds and perspectives with an accuracy of 85.5%. The reference card can be robustly detected through a feature matching approach in 98.6% of the images. Color comparison by Hue channel (0.81 F1-Score), Matching factor (0.80 F1-Score) and Euclidean distance (0.70 F1-Score) were evaluated to determine the urinalysis results. Conclusion: We show that an automated smartphone-based colorimetric analysis of urine test strips in a home environment is feasible. It facilitates examinations and provides the possibility to shift care into an at-home environment. Clinical impact: The findings demonstrate that routine urine examinations can be transferred into the home environment using a smartphone. Simultaneously, human error is avoided, accuracy is increased and medical staff is relieved.

【 授权许可】

Unknown