Historické souvislosti vzniku rakouské ústavy 1920

Právněhistorické studie

关键词: history;    20th century;    austria;    federal constitution 1920;    hans kelsen;    national council;    federal council;   

DOI  :  10.14712/2464689X.2020.31

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The Austrian Federal Constitution, adopted in October 1, 1920, was the result of long debates and political compromise between the Christian Socialists and the Social Democrats. It enshrined a system of parliamentary democracy with standard triple division of power into legislative, executive and judicial. Legislative power was exercised at the federal level by two formally independent bodies: the National Council and the Federal Council. Executive power consisted of government based on the confidence of the National Council and the Federal President. From view of political science, it was a purely parliamentary system. The 1929 amendment of constitution brought Austria closer to the German political system, bringing about significant strengthening of the powers of head of state. Austria's constitutional definition was undoubtedly democratic, but political elites chose the path of gradual curtailment of political pluralism due to growing difficulties under the influence of the Great Depression. Although the Austrian constitution has long been criticized for being overly complex and fragmented, it is today one of the oldest written European legal norms.

【 授权许可】

Unknown