Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa

Pathogens

EricM.C. Etter¹  AnitaL. Michel²  PetronillahR. Sichewo²  Jolly Musoke³ 

[1] Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa;Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Bovine Tuberculosis and Brucellosis Research Programme, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, Pretoria, South Africa;National Health Laboratory Services, Department of Medical Microbiology, Universitas, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa;

关键词: bovine tuberculosis (bTB);    multiple correspondence analysis (MCA);    Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis);    risk factors;    wildlife–livestock–human interface;    zoonotic TB;   

DOI  :  10.3390/pathogens8030101

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with zoonotic tuberculosis in humans and its transmission to people living at the wildlife−livestock−human interface. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on food consumption habits, food handling practices, and knowledge of zoonotic TB. Sputum samples were also collected from 150 individuals that belonged to households of cattle farmers with or without a bTB infected herd. In addition, 30 milk samples and 99 nasal swabs were randomly collected from cattle in bTB infected herds for isolation of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The sputum samples were screened for TB using the GeneXpert test and this was followed by mycobacterial culture and speciation using molecular techniques. No M. bovis was isolated from TB positive sputum samples and only one sample was confirmed as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). M. bovis was isolated from 6.6% (n = 2/30) milk samples and 9% (n = 9/99) of nasal swabs. Ownership of a bTB infected herd and consumption of milk were recognized as highly significant risk factors associated with a history of TB in the household using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and logistic regression. The findings from this study have confirmed the potential for zoonotic TB transmission via both unpasteurized milk and aerosol thus, the role of M. bovis in human TB remains a concern for vulnerable communities.

【 授权许可】

Unknown